- Skin Surgeons Edinburgh
- Waterfront Private Hospital
- 0131 376 2744
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer in the UK, often caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds. While BCC rarely spreads to other parts of the body, it can cause significant damage to surrounding tissues if left untreated. Early diagnosis and professional treatment are crucial for managing BCC effectively. This guide explains everything you need to know about BCC, including its causes, symptoms, treatments, and prevention.
Page Highlights
Causes and Risk Factors for BCC
Why Treat Basal Cell Carcinoma
Basal Cell Carcinoma Treatment Options
What to Expect During BCC Treatment
Aftercare Tips for BCC Treatment
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a slow-growing form of skin cancer that arises from basal cells in the epidermis. These cells are responsible for producing new skin cells, but when damaged, they can grow uncontrollably, forming a tumor.
Key Facts About BCC:
•It is the most common type of skin cancer in the UK.
•BCC typically develops on sun-exposed areas of the body, such as the face, neck, and hands.
•Although BCC rarely spreads (metastasizes), it can grow deeper into the skin and cause disfigurement if untreated.
Read more on Basal Cell Carcinoma at the British Association of Dermatologists
BCC can present in various ways, making it essential to recognize early warning signs.
Common Symptoms:
•Shiny Bump or Nodule: Often pearly or translucent, with visible blood vessels.
•Red or Scaly Patch: May appear irritated or resemble eczema.
•Non-Healing Sore: A wound that does not heal and may bleed or crust over.
•Scar-Like Lesion: A flat, flesh-colored or white area resembling a scar, often with undefined edges.
If you notice any persistent changes to your skin, consult a dermatologist promptly.
The primary cause of basal cell carcinoma is UV radiation, which damages the DNA of skin cells, leading to abnormal growth.
Risk Factors for BCC:
•Sun Exposure: Long-term exposure to the sun or use of tanning beds.
•Fair Skin: Individuals with light skin, hair, and eyes, and those who burn easily, are at greater risk.
•Age: BCC is more common in people over 50, although younger individuals can also be affected.
•Previous Skin Cancer: A history of BCC increases the likelihood of developing another lesion.
•Weakened Immune System: Conditions or medications that suppress immunity increase susceptibility.
While BCC is not typically life-threatening, treatment is essential to prevent complications:
•Local Tissue Damage: Untreated BCC can invade deeper tissues, including muscles and bones.
•Disfigurement: Lesions on the face or other visible areas can cause scarring and cosmetic concerns.
•Recurrent Lesions: Addressing BCC early reduces the risk of recurrence or larger, more difficult-to-treat tumors.
There are several types of BCC, each with unique characteristics:
1. Nodular BCC: A shiny, pearl-like bump that is the most common presentation.
2. Superficial BCC: A red, scaly patch often found on the trunk or limbs.
3. Morpheaform BCC: An aggressive type that resembles a scar and can infiltrate deeper tissues.
4. Pigmented BCC: Contains dark pigment and may resemble melanoma.
Treatment for BCC depends on the size, type, location, and depth of the tumor.
•What It Is: The tumour and a margin of healthy tissue are removed.
•Best For: Most BCC cases.
•Benefits: High cure rate and precise removal.
•What It Is: Prescription creams such as imiquimod or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).
•Best For: Superficial BCCs.
•Benefits: Non-invasive and suitable for patients who cannot undergo surgery.
•What It Is: Liquid nitrogen freezes and destroys cancer cells.
•Best For: Small, superficial BCCs.
•Benefits: Quick and minimally invasive.
•What It Is: High-energy radiation targets and destroys cancer cells.
•Best For: Patients unable to undergo surgery.
•Benefits: Effective for certain cases with minimal physical intervention.
1. Consultation: A skin cancer specialist will examine the lesion and may perform a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis if there is any doubt.
2. Treatment Plan: Based on the type and size of the BCC, a tailored treatment approach will be discussed.
3. Procedure: Surgical or non-surgical treatment will be performed.
4. Follow-Up Care: Regular check-ups ensure the lesion has been successfully treated and monitor for recurrence.
Read more on What to Expect.
Proper aftercare ensures successful healing and reduces the risk of complications:
•Keep the Area Clean: Wash gently with mild soap and water when your dressings are removed.
•Protect from Sunlight: Use sunscreen and avoid sun exposure to prevent further damage.
•Follow Specialists Advice: Adhere to any prescribed ointments or dressings.
You can reduce your risk of developing BCC by:
•Wearing broad-spectrum sunscreen daily (SPF 30 or higher).
•Avoiding peak sun hours (10 a.m. to 4 p.m.).
•Wearing protective clothing, hats, and sunglasses.
•Avoiding tanning beds.
•Performing regular self-checks for skin changes.
The cost of BCC treatment varies depending on the method and complexity:
•Consultation Fee: £100.
•Treatment Costs: Start from £950 for removal of small BCC’s.
You should see a specialist if you notice:
•A persistent sore that doesn’t heal.
•Changes in the size, shape, or color of a lesion.
•A history of prolonged sun exposure or previous skin cancer.
Plastic surgeons are uniquely equipped to ensure the best cosmetic and cancer safe outcome. With their advanced training in skin surgery and aesthetics, they can minimize scarring and deliver a more natural-looking result.
MBChB (University of Edinburgh) FRCS (Plast)
GMC Specialist Register for Plastic Surgery
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1 Waterfront Park
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